The construction of private houses carries a lot of questions regarding both the building itself and the location of the various buildings relative to each other. Many gardeners, acquiring suburban areas, want to decorate the territory and build various artificial reservoirs. However, here their difficulties can await them - one should take into account not only the location of the pond or lake relative to the fence of neighbors, but also the distance from other objects, and also take into account all the attendant nuances.

Requirements for the placement of the pond on the site

Starting to choose a place for the construction of the pond, you should consider a lot of factors. In addition to the form and selection of the optimal soil composition, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the requirements that are regulated by current legislation, since the owner of the site faces administrative responsibility for non-compliance with the standards.

Did you know? According to the theory of Feng Shui, a reservoir on the site is able to bring wealth and happiness to its owner.

The distance from the pond to the neighbor’s fence

Often the sizes of personal plots are quite limited in their areas, and therefore, if you want to build small reservoirs, you should also take into account the interests of neighbors.

In order for this building to have a legal status, several important points should be taken into account:

1. According to the law, the owner of the land has the right to erect any water bodies on his territory. Their list may include both ponds and systems for land reclamation or irrigation.
2. Land transfer may be subject to certain restrictions, including a ban on the construction of water bodies. In this case, the documentation for the site should indicate the purpose of this land. Such restrictions are most often encountered by owners of territories located within the city or located in a garden partnership, which means that they are intended for growing various crops.

If there is no ban on this type of building, then, according to state sanitary norms and rules, the minimum distance from the border of the neighbors' site, namely the fence, to the water structure should not be less than 3 m.

Important! Even with the observance of legislative norms, the location of the pond on the site should not infringe on the interests of neighbors, as well as violate sanitary and epidemiological standards.

Legislation

There are several basic legal acts that govern the requirements for land plots and the location of water bodies on them.

Among them are:

• Article 40 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation - allows the use of land to individuals or legal entities and related actions (construction of structures, installation of irrigation systems, etc.), according to the intended purpose;
• Article 42 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation - obliges the owners of the plots to monitor the state of the environment and prohibits harm to the natural object;
• Article 81 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation - allows owners of summer cottages belonging to agricultural lands to erect any structures that do not damage the soil, natural and agricultural objects;
• Article 38 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation - gives the right to control the erected buildings and structures located on the territory of a summer non-profit association to inspectors of state bodies and self-government bodies;
• Article 39 of the Water Code of the Russian Federation - regulates the procedure for permissible work in the construction of a water body on the site.

The main requirements that control the planning and development on the territory of horticultural associations are regulated by the Building Standards and Rules of the Russian Federation. In case of violation of applicable laws, the owner will be expected to bear administrative responsibility, namely a warning or a fine, in accordance with Article 47 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation and Article 8.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Other requirements

There are also individual requirements that apply to the parameters of a reservoir in a personal plot:

• the total area of ​​the artificial pond should not exceed 1 hundred parts;
• the maximum permissible depth of the lake should be no more than 5 m.

Also, some requirements for the location of the water body should be taken into account:

1. Terrain. The optimal territories for the construction of the pond are considered natural lowlands and small differences in the landscape, which can simulate rapids and supplement the artificial reservoir with a stream.
2. Soil composition. This indicator will affect the calculation of the depth of the pond. For example, clay soil does not have to be isolated, since it has a low throughput, and sandy soil, combined with deep groundwater, will lead to rapid drying. According to the advice of professionals, with a close location of groundwater, a pit under a pond should be dug in the winter, since the rest of the time, quickly arriving water will greatly complicate the work.
3. The amount of light flux. Due to the small volume of water, water bodies in the areas quickly warm up, which leads to the multiplication of various harmful organisms and the development of algae. Based on this, the location of the pond should be such that most of the time it would be obscured, and direct sunlight would hit it for five hours or less.
4. Location of trees in the neighborhood. Fruit trees growing near the pond will negatively affect the cleanliness of the water, as falling fruits and foliage will lead to its rapid pollution. It should also be borne in mind that many plants have a strong and branched root system (a vivid example is walnut), which can violate the integrity of the structure and its waterproofing. The way out of this situation may be the use of geotextiles or the installation of a dividing wall, in the role of which will be a metal sheet or slate.

Location features from other objects

There are no special requirements for the location of the pond on the plot relative to other buildings. Here, it will be necessary to independently take into account the passage of pipes and cables to prevent damage.

Also, you need to know that the proximity of the pond to the house can cause dampness, and in the summer - a large number of mosquitoes. To reduce the number of these insects will help fish bred in the pond or the presence of toads.

However, there are some rules, adherence to which will help to organize the location of the pond in the most safe way:

• the distance from the house to the reservoir should be at least 15 m;
• the depth near the shores of the pond should not be more than 0.7 m - this will help both an adult and a child to get out of the water if he slips;
• the deepest zone should not be more than 30% of the total water body area;
• the shores should be well fortified, which will help to avoid landslides and washing the shores.

Important! Excavated pond on the site — the property of the owner of the land, however, the pond cannot be connected to natural water bodies, which are considered federal property of the state.

Design features of the pond

After choosing a place, determining the shape and parameters of the reservoir, it is necessary to take into account some design features of the structure and conduct some calculations:

• the amount of land that will need to be excavated and taken out of the site;
• the amount of sand to fill the base;
• the weight of stones or other decorative elements that will be used as the finishing material of the shore and bottom.

Additionally, accounting for technical equipment will be required:

• calculate the amount of water needed;
• choose the type of pump;
• calculate the length of the pipes and their cross-section;
• decide on a filtration system and its design;
• choose decorative elements: lighting, fountain, sculptures, etc.

The implementation of construction work is also associated with some difficulties - for their implementation, you will need to choose the right construction equipment and the most suitable access road for it. Well, the monetary calculation of all construction and installation works remains an important factor.

Did you know? Water has a beneficial effect on the emotional state of a person, therefore it is recommended to place the pond on the site so that it is clearly visible from the recreation areas.

The process of creating an artificial pond in the garden is troublesome and painstaking. For its implementation, it will be necessary not only to calculate all the stages of work, but also to further consider ways of cleaning it. When constructing a pond, it is necessary to follow legislative standards that will help to avoid administrative responsibility and quarrels with neighbors.